This year our class is taking on the challenge of trying to solve some of the issues that have plagued our globe over the past twenty years. This page is designed to record our journey along the way as well as serve as a dumping ground for any information that we may come across as we begin and continue to research a possible solution.

Global Issue #1: Our group has decided to solve the issue of doping in sports and how it affects sports all around the world.



The following document will serve as a template for you to follow as you go along and begin organizing you information.




Solving the Issues of the World…One Friday at a Time


Group Names:Matthew Adams, Matthew Gulley

Global Issue #1: Doping in professional sports

Background of Issue: (who?, what?, where?, when?, why?)

WHO:
What Sports Are doing.

Baseball-MLB
  • At least twice per year -- once early in spring training, once later at a random date.
  • A player's first positive test for steroids results in an automatic 50-game suspension without pay. A second positive test results in a 100-game suspension w/o pay. A third positive test results in a lifetime ban.
Football-NFL
  • 12,000 tests are conducted during the season, including 10 randomly selected players from each team in every week of the season. Players can also be randomly selected for testing up to six times each off-season.
  • Tested at least 1 a year
  • A player's first positive test results in a 4-game unpaid suspension (players lose both their salary and a portion of their prorated signing bonus). A second positive test results in an 8-game suspension w/o pay. A third positive test results in a 12-month unpaid suspension.

Olympic sports
  • 61% of tests are done out-of-competition
  • can be done 24/7/365
  • use blood and urine tests
  • penalty for usage is 2 year ban, 2nd offense is lifetime ban

Boxers and Martial arts
  • test random times of year

NCAA
  • Tests are conducted once during the regular season, and again during the postseason. There are also occasional offseason tests of Division I and D-II athletes (Division I schools have 18 football players and 8 other athletes, mostly baseball, tested during each offseason).
  • An athlete's first positive test leads to a 1-year suspension. A second positive test leads to a permanent NCAA ban.

There have been many athletes who have done steroids and a majority of them have not been caught.

Some of the big name ones who have been caught in professional sports are:
Shawne Merriman, Jose Cansesco, Rafael Palmeiro, Ben Johnson, Floyd Landis, Barry Bonds Alex Rodriguez, Marion Johnes, and Roger Clemens

There has been estimated in the last four year 15 MILLION people in America use steroids.

There was also a study that shows one billion was spent annually on legal HGH.


WHAT:
Steroids
  • Steroids are a type of organic compound that contains a characteristic arrangement of four cycloalkane.
  • Examples of steroids includes sex organs estradiol and testosterone.
  • The core of steroids composed of twenty carbon atoms bonded together that take the form of four fused rings.
  • There are many types of doping
  • There is blood doping, gene doping and anti doping

Blood Doping
    • Blood doping is the practice of boosting the number of red blood cells in the bloodstream in order to enhance athletic performance.
    • Because blood cells carry oxygen from the lungs to the muscles, a higher concentration in the blood can improve an athlete's aerobic capacity.

Methods
  • The practice of boosting the number of red blood cells in the bloodstream in order to enhance athletic performance.
  • Anabolic steroids are taken orally or injected and athletes and other abusers take them typically in cycles of weeks and months Rather than continuously in patterns called cycles. Cycling involves taking multiple doses of steroids in a specific period of time.


WHEN:
invented 1930's Germany
When:
  • ancient roman gladiators drank herbal infusions.
  • 1865 British journal citing expulsion of
  • an Australian swimmer in a canal race.
  • 1886 first death in doping
  • Steroids
    • Man made drug
    • invented by Dr. Ruzicka in the early 1930's
  • where to buy steroids without prescription
    • Gym, Amazon, and eBay
  • type of drug tests: urine, hair, blood, sweat, or oral fluid / saliva
    • Urine-
      • Is the most common test done. Urine based test have been upheld in most courts in the last 30 years.
    • Blood-
      • most accurate test, isn't common, draw blood
    • hair-
      • is becoming popular, can gather hair anywhere in the body even if you shave your head, scientist estimate that drug use can be detected up to 12 months.
    • sweat-
      • sweat patches are attached to skin to collect skin over a period of time.
    • oral/saliva-
      • swab gum/ spit in tube, can only detect use of drug 1-2 hours of since drug use.

WHERE:
external image Zurich_City.jpg


WHY:



HOW:





Costs: human and/or financial cost?
  • Symptoms
The effects of using steroids are:
    • They can weaken the immune system
    • They can cause liver damage or cancer
    • They can permanently stop bones from growing in teenagers
      • For men they can cause:
        • Baldness
        • Development of Breast
        • Painful Erections
        • Shrinkage of Testicles
        • Loss of function of Testicles
      • For Women
        • growth of facial and body hair
        • deepened voice
        • breast reduction
        • enlarged clitoris











Previous Efforts Put Into Place to Help Resolve Issue:













Reasons why previous efforts to help resolve issue have failed:












Areas of concern on reaching your desired solution to the global issue:










YOUR PLAN OF ACTION! (for this section, you will need to provide the most detail as you lay a step-by-step plan on how your group will go about tackling this issue. It is important that you take a look at all the information you have researched and studied and use that information to develop a true, realistic and effective plan of action. The plan needs to include funding, people involved, time length of project, materials needed, etc…)